10. Exercise
Exercise can help preserve muscle strength for as long as possible. It can help to reduce the deterioration in muscle function. In addition to that, regular exercise improves both mental and physical well-being which can boost the quality of life of the patient.
Since SMA causes a gradual loss of muscle strength, strengthening the muscles is an important aspect of managing the condition.
9. Supplements
The addition of supplements to your diet is one way to increase the nutrient density of your meals. A variety of nutritional supplements have been analyzed by specialists for their potential to treat SMA. These supplements are essential for maintaining bone health.
Examples of these supplements are folate, vitamins (A, D, E, and K), magnesium, iron, calcium, and fatty acids.
8. Assistive Equipment
A physiotherapist or an occupational therapist can recommend the most suitable assistive equipment. Examples of such are leg braces, a walker, or an electric wheelchair.
When spinal muscular atrophy first manifests itself in childhood, it can cause the spine to curve. A postural support device such as a back brace can be recommended to prevent it.
7. Physical Therapy
This type of medical treatment involves a program of structured exercises under the supervision of physical therapists. It can prevent tightness of the joints, a condition that’s also known as contracture. With physical therapy, patients can regain their muscle strength and improve mobility.
Through specially designed exercises and equipment, patients can establish, sustain, and even regain their maximum level of body movement and physical function.
6. Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapy can help the patient adapt to everyday activities despite the barriers. Under the supervision of an occupational therapist, the patient is taught how to become more independent through a well-planned exercise routine.
The set of exercises is more focused on helping the patient change body movements. That way, the patient can get around and do daily activities despite the condition.
5. Spinraza
Spinraza, also known as nusinersen, replaces a protein called survival motor neuron or SMN. This particular protein is critical in the survival and function of motor neurons.
Patients with SMA are missing a part of a gene that is responsible for the production of SMN protein. Spinraza is a synthetic type of gene that can replace the missing protein. It relieves symptoms of SMA.
4. Zolgensma
Zolgesma is a gene therapy that can help treat SMA. It enhances SMN by delivering a healthier version of the gene. It replaces the missing part of the gene so that it could function well to produce the SMN protein
Zolgensma is delivered through injection and is a one-time treatment. This particular type of treatment is best delivered soon after the diagnosis of SMA.
3. Postural Drainage
Postural Drainage makes use of gravity to mobilize mucus out of the lungs. It requires the patient to be in certain positions so that gravity can help loosen and drain mucus in the lungs. Hence, mucus can then be expelled through coughing.
Sitting down is an example of a position used for postural drainage. Another position for this particular type of treatment requires the patient to lie on the side, back, or stomach.
2. Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation (IPV)
Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation (IPV) is a type of ventilation that makes use of short, sharp bursts of air to open up the airways. The rapid bursts of air can help loosen and remove mucus from the walls of the airways. This is a beneficial side effect.
IPV) helps mucus become less sticky. Considering the high flow rate of this particular device, the patient must take deep breaths to help move the air around.
1. High-Frequency Chest-Wall Oscillation (HFCWO)
High-Frequency Chest-Wall Oscillation, also known as HFCWO, is another SMA treatment that helps clear the airway. This particular treatment requires a wearable device in the form of a vest.
The vest vibrates so that it can loosen and mobilize mucus to the upper airways. The patient can cough out the mucus for removal. Suction can also be used to remove mucus.
These are just some of the spinal muscular atrophy treatments worth knowing about.